HS 988072 Classified in Chapter 72
Quick Answer: Products classified under HS code 988072 enter the UK at N/A and the EU at N/A. This code pertains to goods falling within Chapter 72 of the Harmonized System, which covers iron and steel. Specifically, this chapter encompasses a broad range of primary forms of iron and steel, such as ingots, semi-finished products, bars, rods, angles, shapes, sections, and wire. Importers and customs brokers should consult the specific tariff schedules for the destination country, as duty rates can vary significantly based on the precise product and its origin. According to CustomTariffs data, detailed product descriptions and specific duty rates for each jurisdiction are essential for accurate customs declarations.
What Are the Import Duty Rates?
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9880720000 | — | — | — |
🇪🇺 European Union (TARIC)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9880720000 | — | — | — |
Duty rates sourced from the USITC (US International Trade Commission) Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) (accessed 2/22/2026), EU TARIC – DG TAXUD (Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union) (accessed 2/22/2026), and UK Trade Tariff – HMRC (His Majesty's Revenue and Customs) (accessed 2/22/2026).
Data compiled and presented by HSRates.
How to Classify This HS Code?
What products does HS 988072 cover?
This subheading covers certain iron and steel products, as specifically detailed within Chapter 72 of the Harmonized System (HS) nomenclature, as maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO). While Chapter 98 is generally for "Special Classification Provisions," HS 988072 acts as a cross-reference, indicating that the classification of the goods themselves is determined by the specific headings and subheadings within Chapter 72, which enumerates various forms of iron and non-alloy steel, including semi-finished products, ingots, and powders. The USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) and the EU TARIC database provide detailed breakdowns of these Chapter 72 classifications.
What falls outside HS 988072?
The following products are excluded from the scope of HS 988072, as they are classified under different HS Chapters or specific provisions within Chapter 72 that are not encompassed by this particular cross-reference. For instance, stainless steel and alloy steel, which have distinct chemical compositions, are classified under HS Chapter 7200. Furthermore, finished articles of iron or steel, such as tools, machinery, or vehicles, are typically classified in their respective Chapters (e.g., Chapter 82 for tools, Chapter 84/85 for machinery). Misclassification can occur if goods are incorrectly assumed to fall under this general reference without consulting the specific Chapter 72 headings.
What are common classification mistakes for HS 988072?
A common error is assuming that HS 988072 itself defines the product characteristics, rather than acting as a pointer to Chapter 72. Importers may fail to consult the detailed notes and headings within Chapter 72, leading to incorrect classification. For example, mistaking a specific alloy steel product for a non-alloy steel product, or classifying a semi-finished product under a heading meant for finished goods, violates General Rule of Interpretation (GRI) 1, which states that classification shall be determined according to the terms of the headings and any relative section or chapter notes.
How should importers classify products under HS 988072?
The correct procedure for classifying products under HS 988072 involves first identifying the precise nature and composition of the iron or steel product. Importers and customs brokers must then consult Chapter 72 of the WCO Harmonized System nomenclature, referencing the specific headings and subheadings that accurately describe the goods based on their form, alloy content, and degree of processing. Utilizing official tariff databases like the USITC HTS or the EU TARIC is crucial for confirming the most specific and applicable HS code within Chapter 72, ensuring compliance with customs regulations.
How is the duty calculated for products under HS 988072?
A shipment of 10 metric tons of non-alloy steel bars, declared at a customs value of $8,000 USD, would attract a US duty of $400 USD. This is calculated using the Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate of 5.0% ad valorem, applied to the declared value ($8,000 USD × 0.05 = $400 USD). This calculation is based on the specific classification within Chapter 72, as indicated by HS 988072, and the rates published in the USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
Which trade agreements reduce duties for HS 988072?
Several free trade agreements may reduce the applicable duty rate for HS 988072, including the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which can result in a duty rate of Free for qualifying originating goods from Canada and Mexico. Additionally, certain developing countries may benefit from preferential rates under the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), potentially leading to reduced duties or duty-free entry. To claim these preferences, importers typically require a self-certified origin statement for USMCA or a GSP Form A for GSP beneficiaries, depending on the specific agreement and jurisdiction.
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FAQ
What are the typical import duty rates for HS code 988072, classified under Chapter 72?
HS code 988072 falls under Chapter 72 of the Harmonized System, which covers 'Iron and Steel'. Duty rates vary significantly by importing country and the specific product within Chapter 72. For example, under the US Harmonized Tariff Schedule (USHTS), the Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate for many steel products can range from 0% to over 25% ad valorem, often with additional duties or quotas applied. For specific rates, importers must consult the official tariff schedule of the destination country, such as the USITC's HTSUS, the EU's TARIC database, or the UK's Trade Tariff.
How is the duty for HS code 988072 calculated, and can you provide an example?
The duty calculation for HS code 988072 depends on whether the duty is ad valorem (a percentage of the value) or specific (a fixed amount per unit of quantity), or a combination. For instance, if a specific steel product under Chapter 72 has an MFN duty rate of 5% ad valorem and is valued at $10,000, the ad valorem duty would be $10,000 × 0.05 = $500. If there were also a specific duty of $0.10 per kilogram and the shipment weighed 2,000 kg, the specific duty would be 2,000 kg × $0.10/kg = $200. The total duty would be $500 + $200 = $700. Always verify the exact duty basis (ad valorem, specific, or compound) and rate from the importing country's official tariff.
What are the key classification criteria for products falling under HS code 988072 within Chapter 72?
Classification under Chapter 72, 'Iron and Steel,' is determined by the material composition, form, and processing of the goods. Key criteria include whether the product is pig iron, spiegeleisen, ferro-alloys, iron or non-alloy steel, stainless steel, or other alloy steel. The form is also critical: it can be in ingots, other primary forms, semi-finished products (like blooms, billets, or slabs), or finished products (such as bars, rods, angles, shapes, sections, wire, plates, sheets, strips, tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles). The specific HS code within Chapter 72 will depend on the precise combination of these factors, as detailed in the Explanatory Notes of the Harmonized System and national tariff schedules.
Are there preferential duty rates available for HS code 988072 under trade agreements, and what documentation is needed?
Yes, preferential duty rates may be available for goods classified under Chapter 72 if they originate from countries that are signatories to Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) or have other preferential trade arrangements with the importing country. For example, goods originating from Canada or Mexico may benefit from preferential rates under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). To claim these preferential rates, importers typically need a 'Certificate of Origin' or a 'Statement of Origin' issued by the exporter, demonstrating that the goods meet the rules of origin stipulated in the relevant trade agreement. This documentation is crucial for customs authorities to verify eligibility.
What specific documentation is generally required for importing goods classified under HS code 988072?
Beyond the standard import documents like a commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading/air waybill, importing goods under HS code 988072 (Chapter 72, Iron and Steel) often requires specific technical documentation. This can include mill test certificates or certificates of analysis to verify the material composition, grade, and properties of the steel. Depending on the importing country and the specific steel product, additional certifications related to quality standards, safety, or environmental compliance may be necessary. Customs brokers should always confirm the precise documentation requirements with the importing country's customs authority and any relevant government agencies.