HS 851431 Other furnaces and ovens
Quick Answer: Industrial furnaces and ovens, not elsewhere specified, imported under HS 851431 enter the UK at 0.00%, the EU at 0.00% or 2.20%, and the US at 1.3% or 35% (with numerous preferential rates). This classification covers a broad range of industrial heating equipment, including electric, induction, and dielectric heating furnaces and ovens, that do not fall under more specific headings. Importers should carefully review the specific subheadings within each jurisdiction, as duty rates can vary significantly, particularly in the US. CustomTariffs aggregates this data, highlighting the importance of precise classification for accurate duty assessment.
What Are the Import Duty Rates?
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8514310000 | — | — | — |
| 8514311000 | 0.00 % | — | — |
| 8514319000 | 0.00 % | — | — |
🇪🇺 European Union (TARIC)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8514310000 | — | — | — |
| 8514311000 | 0.00 % | — | — |
| 8514319000 | 2.20 % | — | — |
🇺🇸 United States (HTSUS)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 851431 | — | — | — |
| 8514319000 | 1.3% | Free (17 programs) | ["No."] |
| 8514311000 | Free | — | ["No."] |
Special rates available under trade agreements including USMCA, KORUS, GSP.
Duty rates sourced from the USITC (US International Trade Commission) Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) (accessed 2/22/2026), EU TARIC – DG TAXUD (Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union) (accessed 2/22/2026), and UK Trade Tariff – HMRC (His Majesty's Revenue and Customs) (accessed 2/22/2026).
Data compiled and presented by HSRates.
Which Trade Agreements Reduce Duties for HS 8514.31?
Imports of Other furnaces and ovens may qualify for reduced or zero duty rates under free trade agreements and preferential programs. The overview below shows available preferential arrangements by jurisdiction, compiled by HSRates from official tariff and trade agreement data.
United States (HTSUS)
Free for USMCA, KORUS, GSP, and 14 other programs
European Union (TARIC)
Preferential rate data not yet available.
United Kingdom
Preferential rate data not yet available.
Preferential rates require proof of origin and may be subject to quotas or conditions. Always verify eligibility with a licensed customs broker.
Data compiled by HSRates.
Which Preferential Rates Apply to Your Origin Country?
Select an origin country to see if preferential rates apply.
Preferential rates based on available trade agreements. Actual rates may vary.
How to Classify This HS Code?
What products does HS 851431 cover?
This subheading covers other furnaces and ovens, not elsewhere specified, which are designed for industrial or laboratory use and operate by electrical heating. According to the World Customs Organization's Harmonized System Nomenclature, this category includes equipment like electric muffle furnaces, electric kilns, and electric drying ovens. The USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) and the EU's TARIC database provide further detail, often emphasizing their function in processes such as heat treatment, firing, or drying of materials.
What falls outside HS 851431?
The following products are excluded from HS 851431: furnaces and ovens that are not electrically heated, such as gas-fired or oil-fired industrial ovens (typically classified under heading 8419). Also excluded are domestic ovens and cookers (heading 8516), microwave ovens (heading 8516), and specialized industrial equipment that may incorporate heating elements but are primarily classified by their main function, such as certain types of welding apparatus or semiconductor manufacturing equipment.
What are common classification mistakes for HS 851431?
A common error is misclassifying industrial ovens that are primarily designed for cooking or food preparation, which should be classified under heading 8516. Another mistake involves classifying non-electrical furnaces or ovens under this heading, failing to adhere to Section XVI, Note 1(a) of the Harmonized System, which mandates classification based on the primary mode of operation. Furthermore, confusion can arise with equipment that performs similar functions but is more specifically defined elsewhere in the tariff schedule.
How should importers classify products under HS 851431?
The correct procedure for classifying products under HS 851431 involves a thorough examination of the product's design, intended use, and method of operation. Importers and customs brokers must consult the Explanatory Notes to the Harmonized System and the specific definitions provided in national tariff schedules like the USITC HTS or EU TARIC. Key considerations include whether the furnace or oven is electrically heated and its primary industrial or laboratory application, ensuring it is not more specifically classified under another heading.
How is the duty calculated for products under HS 851431?
A laboratory electric muffle furnace weighing 50 kg and declared at a customs value of $2,500 USD would attract a US duty of $125.00. This is calculated using the Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate of 5.0% ad valorem, applied to the declared value ($2,500 USD × 0.05 = $125.00). This calculation is based on the MFN rate published in the USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule for subheading 8514.31.
Which trade agreements reduce duties for HS 851431?
Several free trade agreements may reduce the applicable duty rate for HS 851431, including the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which can result in a duty rate of Free for originating goods from Canada and Mexico. The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) may also offer preferential rates for originating goods from member countries. To claim these preferences, a valid USMCA Certificate of Origin or a CPTPP Certificate of Origin is typically required, depending on the specific agreement and jurisdiction.
```Which HS Codes Are Related?
Not the right code? Search all HS codes to find the correct tariff classification.
FAQ
What are the typical import duty rates for HS code 851431, 'Other furnaces and ovens'?
The Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate for HS code 851431 can vary significantly by importing country. For example, the United States generally applies a 0.00% duty rate. In contrast, the European Union, under the TARIC system, may have rates such as 2.20% ad valorem. The United Kingdom's Trade Tariff also lists specific rates. It is crucial to consult the specific tariff schedule of the destination country for the exact rate applicable at the time of import.
How is the duty for HS code 851431 calculated, and can you provide an example?
The duty for HS code 851431 is typically calculated on an ad valorem basis, meaning it's a percentage of the declared customs value of the goods. For instance, if a country imposes a 1.3% ad valorem duty on a furnace valued at $10,000, the duty amount would be calculated as: $10,000 (Value) × 1.3% (Duty Rate) = $130. Some tariffs may also include specific duties (per unit) or a combination of ad valorem and specific duties, so verifying the exact calculation method is essential.
What are the key classification criteria for goods under HS code 851431?
HS code 851431 covers 'Other furnaces and ovens' that are not specifically classified elsewhere in Chapter 85 of the Harmonized System. This typically includes industrial or laboratory furnaces and ovens that operate by electric resistance, induction, or dielectric heating, as well as infrared and other types of non-electric furnaces and ovens, provided they are not dedicated to specific uses like cooking (covered elsewhere). Key criteria include their method of heating, intended use (industrial, laboratory, etc.), and whether they are designed for specific processes not covered by more specific headings.
Which common trade agreements offer preferential duty rates for HS code 851431, and what documentation is needed?
Preferential duty rates for HS code 851431 are often available under various free trade agreements (FTAs). For example, some agreements might list rates like 'Free (A, AU, BH, CL, CO, D, E, IL, JO, KR, MA, OM, P, PA, PE, S, SG)', indicating duty-free entry for originating goods from participating countries. To claim these preferential rates, importers typically need to provide a Certificate of Origin (COO) or a declaration of origin issued by the exporter, demonstrating that the goods meet the rules of origin stipulated in the relevant FTA. The specific documentation requirements can vary by agreement and country.
Are there any specific documentation requirements beyond a Certificate of Origin for importing furnaces and ovens under HS 851431?
While a Certificate of Origin is crucial for preferential duty claims, other documentation may be required for HS code 851431. This can include commercial invoices detailing the value and specifications of the furnace or oven, packing lists, bills of lading or air waybills for transport, and potentially safety certifications or compliance documents (e.g., CE marking for the EU, UL certification for North America) depending on the importing country's regulations and the product's intended use. Importers should always verify the complete documentation checklist with the customs authorities of the destination country.