HS 841012 Of a power exceeding 1 000 kW but not exceeding 10 000 kW
Quick Answer: Turbines and water wheels imported under HS 841012 enter the UK at 0.00%, the EU at 4.50% ad valorem, and the US at 3.8% ad valorem, with preferential rates available from several trading partners. This specific classification applies to turbines and water wheels with a power output exceeding 1,000 kW but not exceeding 10,000 kW. Importers should be aware of potential additional duties or specific import requirements depending on the country of destination. CustomTariffs aggregates this data to assist trade professionals.
What Are the Import Duty Rates?
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8410120000 | 0.00 % | — | — |
🇪🇺 European Union (TARIC)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8410120000 | 4.50 % | — | — |
🇺🇸 United States (HTSUS)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8410120000 | 3.8% | Free (17 programs) | ["No."] |
Special rates available under trade agreements including USMCA, KORUS, GSP.
Duty rates sourced from the USITC (US International Trade Commission) Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) (accessed 2/22/2026), EU TARIC – DG TAXUD (Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union) (accessed 2/22/2026), and UK Trade Tariff – HMRC (His Majesty's Revenue and Customs) (accessed 2/22/2026).
Data compiled and presented by HSRates.
Which Trade Agreements Reduce Duties for HS 8410.12?
Imports of Of a power exceeding 1 000 kW but not exceeding 10 000 kW may qualify for reduced or zero duty rates under free trade agreements and preferential programs. The overview below shows available preferential arrangements by jurisdiction, compiled by HSRates from official tariff and trade agreement data.
United States (HTSUS)
Free for USMCA, KORUS, GSP, and 14 other programs
European Union (TARIC)
Preferential rate data not yet available.
United Kingdom
Preferential rate data not yet available.
Preferential rates require proof of origin and may be subject to quotas or conditions. Always verify eligibility with a licensed customs broker.
Data compiled by HSRates.
Which Preferential Rates Apply to Your Origin Country?
Select an origin country to see if preferential rates apply.
Preferential rates based on available trade agreements. Actual rates may vary.
How to Classify This HS Code?
What products does HS 841012 cover?
This subheading covers hydraulic turbines and water wheels specifically designed for generating power within a range exceeding 1,000 kilowatts (kW) but not exceeding 10,000 kW. According to the World Customs Organization's Harmonized System Nomenclature, this category includes turbines such as Francis, Kaplan, and Pelton types when they fall within this specified power output range, as well as their essential components when imported separately but identifiable as belonging to such turbines. The USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) and the EU's TARIC system align with this definition, focusing on the operational power capacity as the primary classification criterion.
What falls outside HS 841012?
The following products are excluded from HS 841012: hydraulic turbines and water wheels with a power output of 1,000 kW or less (classified under 8410.11) or exceeding 10,000 kW (classified under 8410.13). Additionally, complete hydroelectric generating sets, which include the turbine, generator, and associated control equipment, are typically classified under heading 8502. Parts and accessories for turbines that are not specifically identifiable as belonging to turbines within the 1,000 kW to 10,000 kW range, or are general-purpose mechanical parts, may also be classified elsewhere.
What are common classification mistakes for HS 841012?
A common error is misinterpreting the power output threshold, leading to classification under the incorrect subheading. For instance, a turbine rated at exactly 1,000 kW would fall under 8410.11, not 8410.12. Conversely, one rated at 10,001 kW would be classified under 8410.13. Importers may also incorrectly classify components as separate items rather than as parts of a turbine within this power range, or fail to consider the overall function and intended use as per General Rule of Interpretation (GRI) 1. Ensuring the precise kW rating is confirmed is paramount.
How should importers classify products under HS 841012?
The correct procedure for classifying products under HS 841012 involves a multi-step process. First, identify the specific type of hydraulic turbine or water wheel and its intended function. Second, determine its maximum continuous power output in kilowatts (kW). This information is usually found on the manufacturer's specifications or nameplate. Third, compare this power output against the thresholds defined in the HS nomenclature: 1,000 kW and 10,000 kW. If the power output is greater than 1,000 kW and not greater than 10,000 kW, then HS 841012 is the appropriate classification.
How is the duty calculated for products under HS 841012?
A Francis turbine with a rated power output of 5,000 kW, declared with a customs value of $1,500,000 USD, would attract a US duty of $150,000 USD. This is calculated using the Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate of 10% ad valorem, as published in the USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) for subheading 8410.12.0000. The calculation is: 10% of $1,500,000 USD = $150,000 USD. This rate applies to imports from countries not benefiting from preferential trade agreements.
Which trade agreements reduce duties for HS 841012?
Several free trade agreements may reduce the applicable duty rate for HS 841012, including the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). Under USMCA, qualifying turbines originating from Canada or Mexico can enter the United States duty-free. To claim this preference, a valid Certificate of Origin is required. Similarly, the EU's Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with certain African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries may offer preferential access, often requiring an EUR.1 movement certificate or a self-certified origin declaration, potentially reducing duties to Free.
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FAQ
What are the typical import duty rates for HS code 841012, covering turbines with power exceeding 1,000 kW but not exceeding 10,000 kW?
The Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate for HS code 841012 can vary significantly by country. For example, the United States generally applies a 3.8% ad valorem duty. The European Union, under the TARIC system, may have rates such as 0.00% or 4.50% depending on specific product details and origin. The United Kingdom's Trade Tariff also lists varying rates, often around 3.8% ad valorem for goods from non-preferential sources. It is crucial to consult the specific tariff schedule of the importing country for the definitive rate.
How is the power rating of a turbine verified for classification under HS code 841012?
Classification under HS code 841012 hinges on the turbine's power output exceeding 1,000 kW but not exceeding 10,000 kW. Importers and customs brokers must provide documentation that clearly states the rated power output of the turbine. This is typically found on the manufacturer's specification sheet, nameplate, or technical documentation. For customs purposes, the 'continuous rated output' is generally the determining factor. If there is any ambiguity, customs authorities may request additional engineering data or test reports to confirm the power rating.
What documentation is typically required when importing turbines classified under HS code 841012?
When importing turbines under HS code 841012, standard import documentation is required, including a commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading. Crucially, detailed technical specifications from the manufacturer are essential to substantiate the classification, specifically confirming the power output falls within the 1,000 kW to 10,000 kW range. Depending on the importing country and the origin of the goods, certificates of origin may be needed to claim preferential duty rates under trade agreements. Safety and performance certifications might also be required by regulatory bodies in the destination country.
Which trade agreements commonly offer preferential duty rates for HS code 841012, and what is the typical duty reduction?
Many trade agreements offer preferential duty rates for goods classified under HS code 841012. For instance, under agreements like the USMCA (United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement), goods meeting the rules of origin may enter duty-free. The EU has numerous Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with countries worldwide, often resulting in reduced or zero duties. The UK also maintains a network of FTAs post-Brexit. For example, goods originating from countries like Australia (AU), South Korea (KR), or Singapore (SG) might benefit from 'Free' duty rates under specific bilateral agreements, as indicated in some tariff schedules. Importers must verify the specific rules of origin for the relevant trade agreement to confirm eligibility for preferential treatment.
Can you provide a concrete example of how import duty is calculated for a turbine classified under HS code 841012?
Certainly. Let's assume a turbine with a power output of 5,000 kW is imported into the United States, and the applicable MFN duty rate for HS code 841012 is 3.8% ad valorem. The customs value of the turbine, including costs for shipping and insurance to the US port of entry, is $1,000,000 USD. The import duty calculation would be: Duty = Customs Value × Duty Rate. In this case, Duty = $1,000,000 × 3.8% = $1,000,000 × 0.038 = $38,000 USD. Therefore, the import duty payable would be $38,000 USD. If the tariff were based on a specific rate per unit of power (e.g., per kW), the calculation would be adjusted accordingly, but for 841012, it is typically ad valorem.