HS 841011 Hydraulic turbines and water wheels
Quick Answer: Hydraulic turbines and water wheels imported under HS 841011 enter the UK at 0.00%, the EU at 4.50% ad valorem, and the US at 3.8% ad valorem, with certain preferential trade agreements offering duty-free entry. This classification specifically covers impulse turbines, reaction turbines, and water wheels, which are mechanical devices that convert the energy of moving water into rotational mechanical power. Importers and customs brokers should be aware of potential variations in duty rates based on specific trade agreements and the precise type of turbine or water wheel being imported. CustomTariffs aggregates this information to assist in compliance.
What Are the Import Duty Rates?
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8410110000 | 0.00 % | — | — |
🇪🇺 European Union (TARIC)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8410110000 | 4.50 % | — | — |
🇺🇸 United States (HTSUS)
| Code | MFN | Preferential | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8410110000 | 3.8% | Free (17 programs) | ["No."] |
Special rates available under trade agreements including USMCA, KORUS, GSP.
Duty rates sourced from the USITC (US International Trade Commission) Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) (accessed 2/22/2026), EU TARIC – DG TAXUD (Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union) (accessed 2/22/2026), and UK Trade Tariff – HMRC (His Majesty's Revenue and Customs) (accessed 2/22/2026).
Data compiled and presented by HSRates.
Which Trade Agreements Reduce Duties for HS 8410.11?
Imports of Hydraulic turbines and water wheels may qualify for reduced or zero duty rates under free trade agreements and preferential programs. The overview below shows available preferential arrangements by jurisdiction, compiled by HSRates from official tariff and trade agreement data.
United States (HTSUS)
Free for USMCA, KORUS, GSP, and 14 other programs
European Union (TARIC)
Preferential rate data not yet available.
United Kingdom
Preferential rate data not yet available.
Preferential rates require proof of origin and may be subject to quotas or conditions. Always verify eligibility with a licensed customs broker.
Data compiled by HSRates.
Which Preferential Rates Apply to Your Origin Country?
Select an origin country to see if preferential rates apply.
Preferential rates based on available trade agreements. Actual rates may vary.
How to Classify This HS Code?
What products does HS 841011 cover?
This subheading covers hydraulic turbines and water wheels, as defined by the World Customs Organization's Harmonized System Nomenclature. Specifically, it includes machines that convert the energy of moving water into mechanical energy, such as Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbines, as well as impulse and reaction water wheels. Official definitions from sources like the USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) and the EU's TARIC database confirm that this category encompasses the prime movers themselves, excluding associated electrical generators or control systems.
What falls outside HS 841011?
The following products are excluded from HS 841011: complete hydroelectric generating sets, which are classified under HS 8502; pumps for liquids, even if they operate on similar hydraulic principles (HS 8413); and parts or accessories specifically designed for turbines and water wheels, which are typically classified in HS 841090. Also excluded are devices that use water for cleaning or other purposes not directly related to mechanical energy conversion, such as water jets for cutting.
What are common classification mistakes for HS 841011?
A common error is misclassifying integrated hydroelectric generating units, which combine a turbine and an electrical generator. According to General Rule of Interpretation (GRI) 3(b) of the Harmonized System, such composite goods should be classified according to the material or component that gives them their essential character. If the electrical generator is considered the essential character, the entire unit might fall under HS 8502, not HS 841011.
How should importers classify products under HS 841011?
The correct procedure for classifying products under HS 841011 involves a detailed examination of the product's function and construction. Importers and customs brokers must consult the official tariff schedule of the importing country, such as the USITC HTS or the UK Trade Tariff. Key considerations include whether the product is solely a hydraulic turbine or water wheel, and not a combined generating unit or a pump.
How is the duty calculated for products under HS 841011?
A Francis turbine runner weighing 5,000 kg and declared at a customs value of $150,000 USD would attract a US duty of $15,000. This is calculated using the Most Favored Nation (MFN) rate of 10% ad valorem, applied to the declared value: 10% × $150,000 = $15,000. This calculation is based on the rates published in the USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
Which trade agreements reduce duties for HS 841011?
Several free trade agreements may reduce the applicable duty rate for HS 841011, including the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which can result in a Free duty rate for qualifying goods originating from Canada or Mexico. The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement also offers preferential rates, often Free, for goods originating from the EU or UK. Documentation typically required includes a self-certified origin statement for USMCA and an EUR.1 movement certificate for EU/UK preferences.
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FAQ
What are the typical import duty rates for HS code 841011, 'Hydraulic turbines and water wheels'?
The Most Favored Nation (MFN) duty rate for hydraulic turbines and water wheels (HS 841011) can vary significantly. For example, the U.S. tariff rate is 0.00% ad valorem. However, other countries may have different rates, such as 4.50% or 3.8% ad valorem. It is crucial to consult the specific tariff schedule of the importing country. For preferential rates, many trade agreements offer reduced or duty-free entry. For instance, under certain agreements, goods may enter duty-free from countries like Australia (AU), Canada (CA), Chile (CL), or South Korea (KR), indicated by codes such as 'Free (A,AU,BH,CL,CO,D,E,IL,JO,KR,MA,OM,P,PA,PE,S,SG)' in some tariff systems. Always verify the applicable preferential rate based on the country of origin and any existing trade agreements.
How is the import duty for HS 841011 calculated, and can you provide an example?
Import duty for HS 841011 is typically calculated on an ad valorem basis, meaning it's a percentage of the declared customs value of the goods. For example, if a shipment of hydraulic turbines has a customs value of $100,000 USD and the applicable MFN duty rate is 3.8% ad valorem, the import duty would be calculated as follows: $100,000 (Customs Value) × 0.038 (Duty Rate) = $3,800 USD. If the tariff also includes a specific duty component (e.g., per unit), that would be calculated separately and potentially combined with the ad valorem duty, depending on the tariff's structure. Always confirm the exact calculation method with the importing country's customs authority.
What are the key classification criteria for goods falling under HS code 841011?
HS code 841011 specifically covers 'Hydraulic turbines and water wheels'. Classification hinges on the primary function of the machine. Goods must be designed to convert the energy of moving water into mechanical energy. This includes turbines such as Francis, Pelton, and Kaplan types, as well as water wheels. Components that are integral to the functioning of the turbine or water wheel and imported with it are generally classified under this code. However, separate parts or accessories not essential for immediate operation, or machinery for generating electricity (which would fall under Chapter 85), are classified elsewhere. Consulting the Explanatory Notes to the Harmonized System (WCO) and national tariff rulings is essential for precise classification.
What documentation is typically required for importing hydraulic turbines and water wheels under HS 841011?
Importing hydraulic turbines and water wheels (HS 841011) generally requires standard international trade documentation, plus potentially specific certifications. This includes a commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading or air waybill. Depending on the importing country and the specific product, you may also need a certificate of origin to claim preferential duty rates. For certain high-value or specialized equipment, manufacturers' specifications, technical drawings, or performance certificates might be requested by customs to verify classification and compliance. Some countries may also require import licenses or permits, especially for large-scale industrial equipment. It is advisable to consult the importing country's customs authority or a customs broker for a comprehensive list.
How do trade agreements, like USMCA or EU trade deals, affect duty rates for HS 841011?
Trade agreements significantly impact duty rates for HS 841011. For example, under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), goods originating from Canada or Mexico may be eligible for duty-free entry into the United States, provided they meet the agreement's rules of origin. Similarly, the European Union has numerous trade agreements with countries worldwide (e.g., with Japan, South Korea, Canada) that often provide for reduced or eliminated tariffs on goods like hydraulic turbines. To benefit from these preferential rates, importers must possess a valid proof of origin (e.g., a certificate of origin or origin declaration) issued by the exporter, demonstrating that the goods meet the specific rules of origin stipulated in the respective trade agreement. Always verify the specific provisions and origin requirements of the applicable trade agreement.